Sikhism is a vibrant, deeply spiritual tradition that began in the Punjab region of India over 500 years ago.

Founded by Guru Nanak (1469–1539), Sikhism arose during a time of religious division and social inequality. Guru Nanak’s message was radical: he taught that there is one God who loves all people equally, regardless of caste, creed, or gender. (McLeod, Sikhism, 1997)

Sikhs follow the teachings of ten human Gurus, culminating in the Guru Granth Sahib—their sacred scripture and eternal Guru. This text, composed in poetic verse, includes not only the writings of Sikh Gurus but also of Hindu and Muslim saints, reflecting Sikhism’s inclusive vision (The Sikh Religion, Macauliffe, 1909).

Central to Sikh life are three guiding principles: Naam Japna (meditating on God's name), Kirat Karni (honest work), and Vand Chakna (sharing with others). Sikhism emphasizes service, equality, and justice. This is why many Sikh gurdwaras (places of worship) offer langar, a free meal open to all—no questions asked.

Perhaps most strikingly, Sikhism champions the idea that spirituality and social responsibility go hand in hand. Sikhs are encouraged to live as saint-soldiers—spiritually grounded individuals who stand up for truth and protect the oppressed (Singh, The Sikhs, 2006).

Though Sikhs make up less than 2% of India’s population, their global presence is growing, including in the U.S., where Sikh Americans are known for their resilience, generosity, and fierce commitment to justice.

Sources:

• McLeod, W.H. Sikhism. Penguin, 1997.

• Macauliffe, Max Arthur. The Sikh Religion, 1909.

• Singh, Khushwant. The Sikhs. Rupa Publications, 2006.